Company accounts on BTC Markets saw portfolio values rise 44% during 2024-25. As more businesses hold crypto, more companies, trusts and funds face the same reporting question at tax time: when must they report their crypto gains and losses on the capital gains tax (CGT) schedule?
An entity must attach a CGT schedule to its tax return when its total capital gains or total capital losses exceed A$10,000. The schedule sets out every gain, loss and discount, so getting it right depends on the entity type and how it holds crypto. This guide walks trustees, directors and their accountants through who must lodge, how crypto is reported and how losses are applied.
Key Takeaways
- Entities must lodge a CGT schedule when total capital gains or losses exceed A$10,000 for the year.
- Crypto held as trading stock is ordinary income and stays off the CGT schedule.
- Companies get no CGT discount, while trusts receive 50% and complying super funds 33 1⁄3%.
- Crypto gains generally sit under other CGT assets at item 1 of the schedule.
Which Entities Must Lodge A CGT Schedule For Crypto?
Companies, trusts and super funds must lodge a CGT schedule once their capital gain or loss pass the A$10,000 threshold. The rule covers crypto alongside every other CGT asset the entity owns. The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) sets out who is caught in its CGT schedule guidance. Individuals follow separate rules and are not covered here.
Companies And Consolidated Groups
Every company crossing the A$10,000 threshold must attach a CGT schedule to its company tax return. In a consolidated group, the head company lodges for results made in that role. A subsidiary that joined the group during the year may also need one. That schedule covers only the periods when it sat outside the group.
Trusts, AMITs And CCIV Sub-Fund Trusts
Trusts follow the same A$10,000 threshold as companies, but two special cases apply. An attribution managed investment trust (AMIT) using multi-class treatment must complete a separate schedule for each class that exceeds the threshold through its gains or losses. Similarly, corporate collective investment vehicle (CCIV) sub-fund trusts apply the A$10,000 test separately to each sub-fund.
Super Funds
Super funds and pooled super trusts follow the same A$10,000 threshold. However, they must also lodge a CGT schedule when recognising a gain deferred under the 2016-17 transitional CGT relief. This second trigger can apply even if the fund’s total capital gains or losses remain below A$10,000.
Does Your Entity's Crypto Asset Belong On The CGT Schedule?
Crypto belongs on the CGT schedule only when the entity holds it as an investment. If the entity runs a crypto business, the tokens are trading stock instead. That single distinction decides which part of the return the crypto appears in. Our guide to crypto traders versus investors explains where that line usually falls.
Crypto Held As An Investment
The ATO treats crypto held as an investment as a CGT asset. Selling, swapping or spending it is a CGT event that may create a gain or loss. Its crypto CGT guidance sends companies, trusts and funds straight to the CGT schedule. Investment crypto also cannot be treated as a personal use asset.
Crypto Held As Trading Stock
An entity carrying on a crypto business holds its tokens as trading stock. The ATO’s guidance on crypto used in business gives trading, mining and exchange businesses as examples. For these entities, the cost of crypto is deductible and sale proceeds are ordinary income. Those amounts go through business income, not the CGT schedule.
How Does Each Entity Type Treat Crypto Capital Gains?
Each entity type calculates crypto capital gains in the same basic way, but the CGT discount available can differ depending on who owns the crypto. Generally, the CGT discount applies when an asset has been held for at least 12 months. However, the size of that discount depends on the entity type. Our complete guide to crypto tax in Australia covers the discount rules in more depth.
Companies
Companies cannot claim the CGT discount on crypto, regardless of how long they hold it. However, life insurance companies and friendly societies with complying superannuation business are exceptions. Therefore, holding crypto for longer does not give a company any CGT discount benefit. Instead, after capital losses are applied, the full remaining gain flows into its net capital gain.
Trusts
Trusts, on the other hand, can reduce eligible crypto gains by 50% when they have held the asset for at least 12 months. However, the discount is applied after capital losses have been offset, rather than before. When the trust distributes these gains to beneficiaries, the beneficiaries also carry the trust’s method with them. This becomes particularly important when a company receives a trust distribution, as explained later.
Super Funds
Complying super funds receive a 33 1⁄3% CGT discount on eligible crypto gains, provided the same 12-month holding requirement is met. As a result, a fund that sells crypto held for two years reports only two-thirds of the gain. Pooled superannuation trusts are also complying super entities, so they use the same 33 1⁄3% rate. Therefore, keeping records of acquisition dates is important because those records prove whether the 12-month holding requirement has been met.
How To Report Crypto On The CGT Schedule?
Reporting crypto on the schedule follows the ATO’s 2026 instructions, which run in four broad stages. Worksheets come first, then the schedule, then the entity’s tax return. The steps below apply that process to crypto held as an investment. Following them in order keeps each figure traceable back to a single transaction.
Step 1: Complete A Worksheet For Each Crypto CGT Event
Start with a capital gain or capital loss worksheet for every crypto disposal. Each coin is a separate CGT asset, so every swap needs its own entry. Values must be converted to Australian dollars at the time of each event. These working papers stay with the entity’s records and are never lodged.
Step 2: Calculate The Proportion Above Each Threshold
Indexation only covers assets bought before 21 September 1999, so crypto never qualifies. Trusts and funds use the discount method for crypto held at least 12 months. Everything else, including company gains, uses the “other” method. Choosing correctly matters, because the method decides where each gain sits on the schedule.
Step 3: Complete The CGT Summary Worksheet
The CGT summary worksheet brings every crypto result together with the entity’s other capital gains. Current-year losses are applied first, followed by prior-year net capital losses. The CGT discount comes next, where the entity is entitled to it. What remains is the net capital gain, or a net capital loss to carry forward.
Step 4: Record Crypto At Item 1 Of The Schedule
Item 1 of the schedule splits current-year gains and losses by asset category. Separate labels exist for shares, units, real estate, trust gains and collectables. Crypto fits none of these, and the ATO groups it among other CGT assets. Its gains and losses therefore generally belong under other CGT assets and any other CGT events.
Step 5: Complete Items 2 To 6
Items 2 to 6 follow the summary worksheet almost line by line:
- Item 2: Total current-year capital losses and the losses applied
- Item 3: Unapplied net capital losses carried forward
- Item 4: The CGT discount applied
- Item 5: Small business CGT concessions, which rarely apply to investment crypto
- Item 6: The net capital gain
Each figure must match the worksheet exactly, so transfer amounts rather than recalculating them. Items 7 and 8 cover earnout arrangements and specific exemptions that do not usually involve crypto.
Step 6: Complete The Entity's Tax Return Labels
The schedule feeds the capital gains item in the entity’s own tax return. That item sits at a different number on each form:
- Company Tax Return: Item 7, with losses at item 13
- Trust Tax Return: Item 21, with losses at item 27
- Fund Income Tax Return: Item 10, with losses at item 13
- Self-Managed Superannuation Fund Annual Return: Item 11, with losses at item 14
Mark Yes at label G to confirm a CGT event happened. Label M covers any exemption or rollover, while label A takes the net capital gain. Unused losses go to label V, and the schedule is attached to the return. The schedule must also be signed the same way as the return itself.
How Do Entities Use Crypto Capital Losses To Reduce Capital Gains?
Entities use crypto capital losses to reduce their capital gains for the year. The ATO’s CGT instructions set a fixed order for doing this. The order chosen can change the final net capital gain considerably. Losses offset capital gains only, never business income. Companies also face one extra hurdle before older losses count at all.
Offsetting Current-Year Losses Against This Year's Gains
Current-year capital losses must offset gains made in the same year. An entity cannot hold them back for a more useful year later on. It can, however, choose which gains to reduce first. The ATO notes that offsetting “other” method gains before discount method gains usually gives the greatest benefit.
Offsetting Prior-Year Net Capital Losses Against Remaining Gains
Net capital losses carried forward from earlier income years offset remaining gains next. They too must be used once gains exist to absorb them. Older losses go first, so a 2022-23 loss is used before a 2024-25 loss. Commercial debts forgiven can reduce the losses available before they are used.
Loss Tests For Companies
A company can only use prior-year net capital losses if it passes a recoupment test. It must have maintained substantially the same ownership and control. Failing that, it must carry on the same business at the test time. A similar business also qualifies for losses from income years starting on or after 1 July 2015.
Carrying Forward Unused Crypto Losses
Any losses left unused after these steps carry forward to later income years. They appear at item 3 of the schedule and label V of the return. For companies, future use still depends on passing the recoupment tests in that later year. Accurate crypto records keep these balances defensible years after the original loss.
How Should Entities Report Crypto Gains Received From A Trust?
When an entity receives a crypto gain from a trust, it reports the gain on its own CGT schedule. However, it does not combine the amount with its direct crypto disposals. Instead, the gain goes into row 7 of the summary worksheet. From there, two rules determine how the amount is reported, helping keep capital losses and CGT discounts in the correct order.
Using The Trustee's Calculation Method
First, the receiving entity must use the same calculation method as the trustee. Therefore, if the trust applied the discount method to a gain, the recipient must also record it as a discount method gain. To avoid reporting the amount in the wrong column, the recipient should ask the trustee to confirm the method used for each distributed gain.
Grossing Up Discounted Gains
Next, a discounted trust gain must be grossed up before it is entered into the worksheet. In practice, the recipient doubles the amount distributed. For example, a distributed gain of A$5,000 becomes A$10,000 on the worksheet. This ensures the entity’s own capital losses are applied against the full gain before any CGT discount is considered. Consequently, a company receiving the distribution does not receive a CGT discount on that grossed-up amount.
How Can KoinX Help Entities Report Crypto On The CGT Schedule?
Entity crypto records often span several exchanges, wallets and years of activity. Building worksheets for every disposal by hand takes time and invites errors. KoinX brings that history together and produces figures an accountant can transfer to the schedule. The reports and features below matter most when preparing an entity’s schedule.
Complete ATO Tax Report
The Complete ATO Tax Report applies ATO rules to crypto data, including capital gains, income and derivatives. It separates short-term and long-term gains, which helps confirm the right calculation method. For a company, the accountant uses the gross gains, since no discount applies. Detailed transaction records sit behind every summary figure.
Buy Sell Report
The Buy Sell Report lists every buy, sell and swap in one place. Each disposal on that list becomes a separate worksheet entry for the schedule. Reviewing it first helps catch missing trades before any figure is finalised. Directors and trustees can also use it to verify activity across accounts.
Revamped Warnings Filter
Entity accounts with high transaction volumes often throw up data warnings. The Revamped Warnings Filter highlights these potential issues across your transactions. Unresolved warnings can mean a missing cost base or a mislabelled transfer. Either error could distort a capital result significantly. Clearing them before year end keeps the schedule figures reliable.
Portfolio Insights
Portfolio Insights gives a clear picture of every transaction across your entity’s accounts. Seeing holdings and activity together helps trustees and directors plan disposals. That view helps them judge when total capital results may approach the A$10,000 threshold. Better-informed decisions during the year mean fewer surprises when the schedule is prepared.
An entity’s CGT schedule is only as accurate as the crypto records behind it. Import every exchange and wallet the entity uses, then clear any warnings. Share the resulting reports with your accountant well before the return is due. Prepare your entity’s crypto records with KoinX before tax time arrives.
Conclusion
The biggest reporting decisions for entity crypto happen long before the schedule is filled in. Whether crypto is investment or trading stock decides if the schedule applies at all. The entity type then decides how much of each gain is taxed. Review both questions at the start of each financial year.
Loss planning deserves the same early attention, especially for companies. A change of ownership can quietly lock away years of carried-forward crypto losses. Tracking those balances alongside current disposals keeps the full picture in view. Start organising your entity’s crypto on KoinX so each schedule figure is ready when needed.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does An Entity With Exactly A$10,000 In Crypto Gains Need A Schedule?
No. The schedule is required only when total capital gains or total capital losses are more than A$10,000. At exactly A$10,000, the entity completes the capital gains labels in its return instead. Gains on all assets count, not just crypto. One extra dollar of gain would trigger the full schedule.
Is The Threshold Based On Total Or Net Crypto Gains?
It is based on totals. The test uses total current-year capital gains or total current-year capital losses. Both are measured before losses are offset or any discount is applied. An entity with A$15,000 in gains and A$14,000 in losses still needs a schedule. Its net gain of A$1,000 does not change that.
Where Can An Entity Get The CGT Schedule Form?
The CGT schedule 2026 is available through the ATO’s Publication Ordering Service. The instructions are not available in print. You can save them as a PDF from the ATO website instead. Use the 2026 version for the 2025-26 income year, as each year has its own form. Multi-class AMITs must lodge electronically.
Do Partnerships Lodge A CGT Schedule For Crypto?
No. For CGT purposes, the individual partners make capital gains or losses, not the partnership itself. Each partner owns a share of every partnership asset, including crypto. Each partner calculates their own gain or loss on that share. Partners that are companies or trusts then report through their own returns and schedules.
Can An Entity Lodge More Than One CGT Schedule?
Generally, no. An entity lodges one CGT schedule with its tax return. There is no separate crypto schedule, so crypto sits on the same form as shares and property. Multi-class AMITs are the main exception, lodging one schedule per qualifying class. Everyone else combines all capital results into a single schedule.
